1. Techniques or approaches that achieve a goal or gather information through non-direct means, often involving intermediaries or multiple steps
The researcher used indirect methods to study the phenomenon without direct observation.
O pesquisador utilizou métodos indiretos para estudar o fenômeno sem observação direta.
2. In statistics and research, methods that infer results through analysis of secondary data or proxy measures rather than direct measurement
Indirect methods of assessment can be useful when direct testing is impractical.
Os métodos indiretos de avaliação podem ser úteis quando o teste direto é impraticável.
3. Business or communication strategies that accomplish objectives through subtle or gradual influence rather than direct confrontation
She preferred indirect methods to convince her colleagues rather than making demands.
Ela preferia métodos indiretos para convencer seus colegas em vez de fazer exigências.