amortecedores, abafadores, dispositivos de amortecimento
1. Devices or mechanisms that reduce the intensity, effect, or amplitude of something, such as vibrations, sound, or enthusiasm
The car's dampeners help absorb shock from the road.
Os amortecedores do carro ajudam a absorver o impacto da estrada.
2. Something that has a depressing or inhibiting effect on something else; a discouraging influence
The bad weather was a dampener on our outdoor plans.
O mau tempo foi um desestímulo para nossos planos ao ar livre.
3. In music, a device that reduces the volume or resonance of an instrument
Piano dampeners control which strings vibrate.
Os abafadores do piano controlam quais cordas vibram.
In Brazilian Portuguese, 'amortecedores' is predominantly used in automotive and mechanical contexts. The figurative sense of something that discourages or depresses enthusiasm is also used colloquially. In American English, 'dampener' is often used idiomatically to mean something that spoils fun or reduces excitement, which translates to phrases like 'desestímulo' or 'algo que estraga a diversão' in Portuguese.
NYC Slang
party pooper, buzzkill (colloquial equivalent when referring to something that dampens enthusiasm)
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