specific gravity
[spɪˈsɪfɪk ˈɡrævɪti]
noun
densidade relativa
1. The ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a reference substance (usually water at 4°C for liquids and solids, or air for gases)
The specific gravity of gold is 19.3, meaning it is 19.3 times denser than water.
A densidade relativa do ouro é 19,3, o que significa que é 19,3 vezes mais denso que a água.
2. A dimensionless quantity used to compare the weight of a substance to the weight of an equal volume of water
We calculated the specific gravity of the mineral sample to determine its composition.
Calculamos a densidade relativa da amostra mineral para determinar sua composição.
This is a technical term commonly used in physics, chemistry, and engineering courses in both Brazil and the United States. In Brazilian education, 'densidade relativa' is the standard term taught in scientific curricula. The concept is fundamental in materials science and is regularly referenced in industrial applications, quality control, and geological surveys across both countries.
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