semantic shift

[/səˈmæntɪk ʃɪft/]
nounpl: semantic shifts
mudança semântica
1. A change in the meaning of a word or phrase over time, where the word retains its form but acquires a new or different sense.
The word 'gay' has undergone a significant semantic shift from meaning 'happy and carefree' to primarily meaning 'homosexual' in modern usage.
A palavra 'gay' sofreu uma mudança semântica significativa, passando de significar 'alegre e despreocupado' para significar principalmente 'homossexual' no uso moderno.
2. A linguistic phenomenon where the denotation or connotation of a word changes due to cultural, social, or historical factors.
The semantic shift of 'awful' from 'full of awe' to 'very bad' demonstrates how language evolves with social attitudes.
A mudança semântica de 'awful' de 'cheio de admiração' para 'muito ruim' demonstra como a linguagem evolui com as atitudes sociais.
Semantic shift is a fundamental concept in historical linguistics and is particularly relevant in discussions about how language reflects and records social change. In Brazil and Portuguese-speaking countries, studying semantic shifts helps understand how Portuguese vocabulary has evolved differently from European to American contexts. This is especially notable in technology and social terminology, where rapid semantic shifts occur (e.g., 'digital,' 'viral,' 'trending').
Synonyms / Sinônimos
semantic changemeaning shiftword sense shiftsemantic drift
Antonyms / Antônimos
semantic stabilitysemantic consistency

Regional Variations

General Brazilian Portuguese
mudança semântica
Standard term used in linguistic and academic contexts
Portugal
alteração semântica
Alternative formal term used in European Portuguese academic circles
São Paulo
mudança semântica
Common in universities and linguistic studies
USA English
semantic shift
Primary term in American linguistic scholarship and dictionaries

Related Words

etymologylexical changemetaphormetonymypejorationameliorationbroadeningnarrowing

Related Idioms & Phrases

semantic shift in meaning
undergo a semantic shift
track the semantic shift of a word
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