response inhibition

[/rɪˈspɒns ɪnˈhɪbɪʃən/]
noun
inibição de resposta
1. The cognitive ability to suppress or withhold an automatic, habitual, or prepotent response in favor of a more appropriate or desired response
Response inhibition is crucial when you need to stop yourself from interrupting someone during a conversation.
A inibição de resposta é crucial quando você precisa se controlar para não interromper alguém durante uma conversa.
2. A fundamental executive function that allows individuals to resist impulses and control behavioral output
Poor response inhibition in children with ADHD can lead to impulsive behavior and difficulty following classroom rules.
A inibição de resposta deficiente em crianças com TDAH pode levar a comportamento impulsivo e dificuldade em seguir regras de sala de aula.
3. The neural mechanism that prevents unwanted motor, cognitive, or emotional responses from being expressed
Neuroimaging studies show that response inhibition involves activation in the prefrontal cortex.
Estudos de neuroimagem mostram que a inibição de resposta envolve ativação no córtex pré-frontal.
Response inhibition is a key concept in both American and Brazilian psychology, particularly in the diagnosis and treatment of ADHD and impulse control disorders. It's extensively studied in cognitive neuroscience and is considered essential for academic success and social functioning in both cultures. In Brazil, the term is commonly used in educational psychology to discuss behavioral management in children.
Synonyms / Sinônimos
inhibitory controlimpulse controlbehavioral inhibitionexecutive controlself-control
Antonyms / Antônimos
impulsivitydisinhibitionlack of self-controlbehavioral dyscontrol

Regional Variations

General Brazilian Portuguese
inibição de resposta
Standard term used in psychology, neuroscience, and education contexts
Portugal
inibição da resposta
Slight variation in preposition usage; primarily used in academic and clinical settings
São Paulo
inibição de resposta
Common in research institutions and clinical psychology
General American English
response inhibition
Preferred term in cognitive psychology, neurobiology, and clinical assessment

Related Words

executive functionworking memorycognitive controlprefrontal corteximpulseself-regulationinhibitionADHD

Related Idioms & Phrases

ability to hold one's tongue
bite one's lip
keep a lid on it
hold back
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