autor/autora
1. A person who brings a case against another in a court of law; the party initiating a lawsuit
The plaintiff filed a lawsuit against the defendant for breach of contract.
A autora ajuizou uma ação contra a ré por quebra de contrato.
2. The person or entity seeking relief or damages in a civil action
As the plaintiff, she had to prove her case beyond reasonable doubt.
Como autora, ela teve que provar seu caso.
The term 'plaintiff' is fundamental in English common law systems (USA, UK). In Brazil and Portugal, which use civil law systems, the equivalent term 'autor' is preferred. The distinction reflects different legal traditions: common law emphasizes the party bringing the case, while civil law refers to the legal capacity of the person initiating the action.
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