mitochondrial DNA
[maɪ.toʊ.ˈkɑn.dri.əl ˈdi ˈɛn ˈeɪ]
noun
DNA mitocondrial
1. The genetic material contained within mitochondria, inherited maternally, distinct from nuclear DNA
Mitochondrial DNA is inherited exclusively from the mother in most organisms.
O DNA mitocondrial é herdado exclusivamente da mãe na maioria dos organismos.
2. A circular, double-stranded DNA molecule present in mitochondria that encodes proteins essential for cellular respiration and energy production
Mutations in mitochondrial DNA can lead to metabolic disorders and diseases.
Mutações no DNA mitocondrial podem levar a distúrbios metabólicos e doenças.
3. A tool used in genetic research and forensic analysis for tracing maternal lineages and evolutionary relationships
Researchers used mitochondrial DNA analysis to trace the ancestral origins of the population.
Os pesquisadores usaram análise de DNA mitocondrial para rastrear as origens ancestrais da população.
This term is primarily used in scientific, medical, and forensic contexts in both Brazil and the USA. In Brazil, it is commonly encountered in university biology and genetics programs, as well as in medical research institutions. The abbreviation mtDNA is widely recognized in international scientific communities. The study of mitochondrial DNA has become increasingly important in genetic genealogy and ancestry research, gaining popularity among both scientists and the general public interested in tracing family origins.
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