1. Latin abbreviation meaning 'in the same place' - used in academic citations to refer to the same source cited immediately before
The author states this in chapter 3 (Smith, 2020, p. 45). Ibdem, p. 48 refers to the same author's work on the next page.
O autor afirma isso no capítulo 3 (Smith, 2020, p. 45). Ibdem, p. 48 refere-se ao mesmo trabalho do autor na página seguinte.
2. Used in footnotes and bibliographic references to avoid repeating the full citation when the source is the same as the previous reference
¹ Johnson, A. (2019). Modern Philosophy. Oxford Press, p. 12. ² Ibdem, p. 15.
¹ Johnson, A. (2019). Filosofia Moderna. Oxford Press, p. 12. ² Ibdem, p. 15.
This is a Latin academic abbreviation widely used in Brazilian and Portuguese scholarly writing, particularly in footnotes and bibliographies. It is a formal convention in academic papers, dissertations, and formal documents to maintain citation efficiency and avoid redundancy.