canonical variable
[kəˈnɒnɪkəl ˈvɛəriəbl]
nounpl: canonical variables
variável canônica
1. In mathematics and physics, a pair of dynamical variables (such as position and momentum) that are related by a canonical transformation in Hamiltonian mechanics, satisfying canonical commutation relations.
In quantum mechanics, position and momentum are canonical variables that satisfy the canonical commutation relation [x, p] = iℏ.
Em mecânica quântica, posição e momento são variáveis canônicas que satisfazem a relação de comutação canônica [x, p] = iℏ.
2. Variables used in the Hamiltonian formalism of classical mechanics where the system's dynamics are described by a set of generalized coordinates and their conjugate momenta.
The canonical variables in this system are the generalized coordinate q and its conjugate momentum p.
As variáveis canônicas neste sistema são a coordenada generalizada q e seu momento conjugado p.
This is a technical term primarily used in advanced physics and mathematics education. It appears in university-level courses on classical mechanics, quantum mechanics, and theoretical physics. The term is universally understood across Portuguese-speaking academic communities with minimal regional variation.
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