1. Actions, behaviors, or cognitive functions that are performed willingly and consciously, under one's own control and without external compulsion
Voluntary processes such as conscious decision-making differ from automatic processes that occur without awareness.
Processos voluntários, como a tomada de decisão consciente, diferem dos processos automáticos que ocorrem sem consciência.
2. In psychology and neuroscience, mental or physical activities that require intentional effort and attention
Learning a new language involves voluntary processes that require sustained attention.
Aprender um novo idioma envolve processos voluntários que exigem atenção sustentada.