1. Surgical procedures performed using conventional open techniques with scalpels and direct visualization, as opposed to minimally invasive or robotic methods
The surgeon recommended traditional surgery rather than laparoscopy for this complex case.
O cirurgião recomendou cirurgia tradicional em vez de laparoscopia para este caso complexo.
2. Standard surgical practice established over decades or centuries, using proven conventional methods
Traditional surgery remains the gold standard for emergency abdominal procedures.
A cirurgia tradicional permanece como padrão-ouro para procedimentos abdominais de emergência.