1. The advocacy of separation of a particular group of people from a larger political entity, state, or organization.
The region's separatism has been a source of political tension for decades.
O separatismo da região tem sido uma fonte de tensão política por décadas.
2. A doctrine or movement based on the principle of separation or independence.
Catalan separatism has gained momentum in recent years.
O separatismo catalão ganhou impulso nos últimos anos.