proportionality
[/ˌprɔːpərʃəˈnæləti/]
nounfemininepl: proportionalidades
proporcionalidade
1. The quality or state of being proportional; the relationship between parts or things that are balanced or in correct relative size, amount, or degree
The proportionality of the architectural elements creates a harmonious design.
A proporcionalidade dos elementos arquitetônicos cria um design harmonioso.
2. In law and governance, the principle that any action or punishment should be appropriate and not excessive in relation to the offense or situation
The court must consider proportionality when imposing sentences.
O tribunal deve considerar a proporcionalidade ao impor sentenças.
3. In mathematics and physics, the mathematical relationship where two quantities vary in a constant ratio
The proportionality between force and acceleration is described by Newton's second law.
A proporcionalidade entre força e aceleração é descrita pela segunda lei de Newton.
In Brazil, 'proporcionalidade' is a fundamental legal principle used extensively in constitutional law and human rights discourse. The concept gained prominence in Brazilian jurisprudence through the Federal Supreme Court's interpretation of constitutional rights. In the USA, proportionality is crucial in criminal law sentencing guidelines and constitutional limitations on government action. Both cultures emphasize proportionality as a check against excessive or arbitrary exercise of power.
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