to suffer, to toil, to labor painfully
1. to endure pain, hardship, or difficulty
He had to suffer through the difficult times.
Ele teve que penar durante os tempos difíceis.
2. to work hard or laboriously
The workers penned away in the fields.
Os trabalhadores penavam nos campos.
3. to be in purgatory or spiritual suffering (archaic/religious)
The soul was said to penance in purgatory.
Dizia-se que a alma penava no purgatório.
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