methodological individualism
[mɛθədəˈlɑdʒɪkəl ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəlɪzəm]
noun
individualismo metodológico
1. A philosophical and social science approach that explains social phenomena by reference to the actions, beliefs, and preferences of individual actors rather than by reference to society or group-level properties
Methodological individualism assumes that all social facts can be reduced to facts about individuals and their interactions.
O individualismo metodológico assume que todos os fatos sociais podem ser reduzidos a fatos sobre indivíduos e suas interações.
2. A research methodology that prioritizes individual-level analysis as the foundation for understanding collective social phenomena and macroeconomic outcomes
The economist used methodological individualism to trace how individual consumer choices aggregate into market trends.
O economista usou o individualismo metodológico para rastrear como as escolhas individuais dos consumidores se agregam em tendências de mercado.
Methodological individualism is a foundational concept in Anglo-American economics and social sciences, particularly influential in Austrian economics (Ludwig von Mises, Friedrich Hayek) and rational choice theory. It gained prominence during the neoclassical revolution in economics and remains central to microeconomic analysis. In Brazilian and Portuguese academia, the term is used primarily in discussions of economic methodology and sociological theory, often in contrast with Marxist or structuralist approaches that emphasize collective and systemic factors.
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