1. Thinking or beliefs that deviate from established or orthodox doctrine, especially in religious, philosophical, or academic contexts
His heterodox thinking challenged the traditional views of the church.
Seu pensamento heterodoxo desafiava as visões tradicionais da igreja.
2. Non-conformist intellectual approach that rejects conventional wisdom or mainstream ideology
The economist's heterodox thinking led to innovative solutions to economic problems.
O pensamento heterodoxo do economista levou a soluções inovadoras para problemas econômicos.