1. A set that contains a limited, countable number of elements; a set with a specific number of members that can be enumerated
The set of vowels in the English alphabet is a finite set with exactly five elements: {a, e, i, o, u}.
O conjunto de vogais do alfabeto inglês é um conjunto finito com exatamente cinco elementos: {a, e, i, o, u}.
2. In mathematics, a set that has a finite cardinality; the number of elements can be expressed as a natural number
The set of students in a classroom is a finite set because we can count all the students.
O conjunto de estudantes em uma sala de aula é um conjunto finito porque podemos contar todos os alunos.
This is a formal mathematical term used uniformly across English-speaking and Portuguese-speaking academic communities. It is essential terminology in mathematics education, set theory, discrete mathematics, and computer science. The concept is taught at secondary and higher education levels in both Brazil and the USA.