1. A surgical procedure performed without making a large incision in the skin, typically using minimally invasive techniques or endoscopy
The patient underwent closed surgery to repair the torn meniscus using arthroscopic techniques.
O paciente foi submetido a cirurgia fechada para reparar o menisco rasgado usando técnicas artroscópicas.
2. Surgery performed in a controlled environment without direct exposure of the surgical site to the external environment
Closed surgery reduces the risk of infection compared to open procedures.
A cirurgia fechada reduz o risco de infecção em comparação com procedimentos abertos.