chemiosmotic gradient
[ˌkɛmioʊzˈmɑːtɪk ˈɡreɪdiənt]
nounpl: chemiosmotic gradients
gradiente quimiosmótico
1. A difference in chemical potential and electrical potential across a biological membrane, particularly the gradient of protons (H+ ions) or other ions that drive ATP synthesis in cellular respiration and photosynthesis
The chemiosmotic gradient created by the electron transport chain powers ATP synthase in mitochondria.
O gradiente quimiosmótico criado pela cadeia de transporte de elétrons impulsiona a ATP sintase nas mitocôndrias.
2. The electrochemical gradient that results from both the concentration difference (chemical) and electrical charge difference (osmotic) of ions across a membrane
Photosynthetic organisms use light energy to establish a chemiosmotic gradient across the thylakoid membrane.
Os organismos fotossintéticos usam energia luminosa para estabelecer um gradiente quimiosmótico através da membrana do tilacóide.
This is a scientific term commonly used in biochemistry and cell biology courses in both Brazil and Portugal. It refers to Peter Mitchell's chemiosmotic theory (1961), which revolutionized understanding of cellular energy production. The term is uniformly used across Portuguese-speaking scientific communities without significant regional variation.
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