backward reference

[/ˈbækwərd ˈrɛfərəns/]
nounpl: backward references
referência retroativa
1. In linguistics and grammar, a reference to something mentioned earlier in the text or discourse; an anaphoric reference
In the sentence 'John arrived late, but he was still welcome,' the pronoun 'he' is a backward reference to 'John'.
Na frase 'João chegou atrasado, mas ele ainda era bem-vindo,' o pronome 'ele' é uma referência retroativa a 'João'.
2. In computer science and regular expressions, a reference to a previously matched pattern or captured group within the same expression
The regex pattern uses a backward reference to match repeated words like 'the the'.
O padrão de expressão regular usa uma referência retroativa para encontrar palavras repetidas como 'o o'.
3. In programming, a reference to a variable or function defined earlier in the code
The backward reference to the variable x allows the function to access its previous value.
A referência retroativa à variável x permite que a função acesse seu valor anterior.
This term is primarily used in academic and technical contexts (linguistics, computer science, programming) rather than in everyday conversation. In Brazil, it's commonly encountered in university courses on linguistics, formal writing, and software development. The concept is universal across English-speaking and Portuguese-speaking academic communities.
Synonyms / Sinônimos
anaphoric referenceback-referencecataphoric reference (opposite)coreference
Antonyms / Antônimos
forward referencecataphoric reference

Regional Variations

General Brazilian
referência retroativa
Standard term used in linguistics and computer science contexts
Portugal
referência regressiva
Alternative term sometimes used in European Portuguese linguistics
Technical/Academic
backreference (in computing contexts)
Often used untranslated in technical documentation

Related Words

anaphorapronounantecedentcoreference resolutionregexcaptured group

Related Idioms & Phrases

refer back to
make a backward reference to
look back to
Look up more words on Fala2Me
The free English-Portuguese dictionary with real Brazilian accents, NYC slang, conjugator and more
Open Fala2Me →